Examination of Educational Institutions and Centers in the History of Islam and Iran

Abstract

The culture of any society, being its essence and a factor for the continuity and cohesion of its members, is directly related to its population and people; as the members of society are the transmitters of culture to the next generation and the cause of its perpetuation. Every society endeavors to institutionalize various aspects of its culture among its members through different means and thereby organize the behaviors and actions of its members. On the other hand, social changes and sometimes cultural transformations occurring in the deeper layers of culture necessitate the alignment of norms and beliefs so that the ideals and actions of society members become unified. This crucial task was accomplished through the cooperation of political institutions, family, and education. Educating individuals is one of the effective ways of expanding and deepening the culture of society, socializing individuals, and institutionalizing values and norms. If properly carried out in society, it reduces the costs of social control and subsequent deviations. Hence, throughout history, educational institutions have held importance alongside political and ideological issues. Before establishing specific places for education, these were taught in religious places along with ideological matters, becoming part of beliefs and beliefs part of education. The history of education in Iran narrates the story of education and educational and scientific centers, as well as educational customs, which have evolved from ancient times to recent periods, undergoing numerous changes and fluctuations. Since the history of education and training is the narration of the course of thought and philosophy and speaks of the achievement of human culture and civilization, this is attained through education. Awareness of this history is a means for retrieving and recognizing the foundations and elements of culture and civilization and paying attention to the philosophy and goals of education in each society.